When you’re running lean as a sole proprietor or SME in Singapore, GST for small businesses can feel like just another thing competing for your time. Between filing returns, tracking input tax, and keeping up with IRAS requirements, it often gets pushed to the bottom of the to-do list, until it can’t be ignored.
This guide gives you straightforward, practical advice to help you stay compliant for all GST matters, avoid common mistakes, and keep your focus where it matters: growing your business.
What is GST in Singapore?
GST for small businesses in Singapore refers to the Goods and Services Tax, a consumption tax currently set at 9%. It applies to most goods and services sold in Singapore, as well as imported goods. If your taxable turnover exceeds S$1 million, GST registration is mandatory.
If you’re running an SME or working as a sole proprietor, GST is more than just a formality. It affects how you invoice customers, claim input tax, and stay compliant with IRAS.
Do small businesses need to register for GST?
Short answer: Yes, if your turnover hits S$1 million.
Whether you’re a freelancer, sole proprietor selling on Carousell or Shopee, or running an SME with a physical shop in Bugis, GST registration becomes compulsory when:
- Your taxable turnover in the past 12 months exceeds S$1 million, or
- You reasonably expect it to exceed S$1 million in the next 12 months
Failing to register in time can lead to late registration penalties and backdated GST liabilities. And that’s not something any small business owner wants.
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GST for Sole Proprietors: Don’t forget to combine your income
Many sole proprietors in Singapore run multiple business activities. For example, you could be a graphic designer who also teaches online marketing workshops.
So, here’s the catch: IRAS considers all of that as one business.
That means you must combine the turnover from all your business activities (even side gigs or commission income) to determine if you’ve crossed the S$1 million threshold.
We’ve seen business owners making common GST mistakes like missing registration because they didn’t realise side income, such as affiliate marketing or speaking gigs, pushed them over the limit. That’s why it’s crucial to track all income streams and review your total turnover regularly.
Voluntary GST registration for SMEs and Sole Proprietors
You don’t have to wait till you’re at the threshold to register. Many SMEs and sole proprietors choose to register voluntarily to:
- Appear more credible to B2B clients (e.g., working with corporate event agencies)
- Claim input tax on large purchases (e.g., office equipment, renovation costs)
- Get GST-ready before scaling into e-commerce exports
Pro tip: If you're investing in inventory for a new product line or planning a big marketing campaign, registering early might help you recover input tax.
Singapore GST 2025
GST Risks for Sole Proprietors
When you register for GST as a sole proprietor, it applies to everything under your name, not just your current business. For example, if you own a commercial unit in Tai Seng and decide to sell it, you may need to charge GST on the sale, even if it’s unrelated to your business.
This can lead to tax obligations you didn’t plan for, which is why many business owners choose to set up a private limited company instead. It helps:
- Separate personal and business finances
- Reduce personal tax exposure
- Tap into corporate tax exemptions and incentives
It also makes GST management clearer and gives you more flexibility as your business grows.
Thinking of switching to a private limited company for better GST control?
Best practices for GST-ready SMEs and entrepreneurs
Here’s how to take control of your GST obligations:
- Track all income sources, including passive income like course sales or ad revenue
- Keep clean records for all receipts, invoices, and claims
- Set reminders for IRAS GST filing deadlines to avoid late submissions
- Use software or work with Sleek to manage GST returns
- Plan your business structure early, such as switching from sole proprietorship to Pte Ltd as you grow
Common GST challenges faced by SMEs and Sole Proprietors
Even the most careful small business owners run into GST trouble now and then. Some of the most common issues we see include:
- Missing the registration deadline because turnover wasn’t tracked properly
- Claiming input tax on ineligible purchases
- Mixing up zero-rated and GST-exempt supplies, leading to incorrect reporting
- Inconsistent record-keeping, especially for freelancers or those juggling multiple revenue streams
- Overlooking foreign-sourced income, which can affect GST reporting
These may seem small, but can snowball into penalties or audits. It pays to stay ahead.
Quick reminder: GST penalties can stack up
Late registration or inaccurate returns can trigger financial penalties. For example, IRAS may impose:
- A 10% late registration penalty on the unpaid tax
- 5% interest for late payments
- Additional fines for incorrect reporting
That’s why it’s crucial to monitor your revenue and file on time. Or better yet, let a trusted accounting service handle it for you.
Sleek simplifies GST for your small business
Whether you’re a solopreneur baking from home, a freelance interior designer, or an SME owner with a growing team, understanding GST for small businesses is essential.
Need help with GST registration or GST filing compliance?
Book a free consultation with Sleek. We help Singapore SMEs and sole proprietors avoid mistakes and stay on track.
Getting GST-ready for your next stage of growth?
FAQs on GST for small businesses
When should a sole proprietor register for GST in Singapore?
A sole proprietor must register for GST in Singapore when their total taxable turnover from all business activities exceeds S$1 million over a 12-month period, or is expected to exceed that amount in the next 12 months. This includes combined revenue from all business lines under the same individual, such as freelance work, consulting, or online sales.
What can small businesses claim as input tax?
Small businesses, including SMEs and sole proprietors, can claim input tax on expenses directly related to their business operations. These typically include office rental, utilities, marketing, professional services, software subscriptions, equipment, and goods purchased for resale, provided you have valid GST invoices and the purchases are for business use.
Is GST registration mandatory for freelancers or online sellers?
Yes. If your total taxable income from freelance work, digital product sales, or e-commerce activities exceeds S$1 million in annual turnover, GST registration is compulsory. GST obligations are determined by turnover, not your business model or platform, whether you sell through Shopee, Etsy, or offer services on Fiverr.
What happens if I don’t register for GST?
If you fail to register for GST when required, IRAS may backdate your GST registration, meaning you’ll need to account for and pay GST on past sales from the date you were liable to register. IRAS may also impose late registration penalties, interest on unpaid tax, and additional fines. Non-registration can result in significant compliance issues, especially for sole proprietors who manage multiple income streams.
What documents are needed to register for GST as a sole proprietor in Singapore?
To register for GST as a sole proprietor in Singapore, you’ll typically need the following:
- Your Singpass login
- ACRA business registration details
- Financial records showing your taxable turnover
- Supporting documents if registering voluntarily (e.g., contracts, invoices, or business plans)
IRAS may request additional information to verify your eligibility and business intent.
How long does it take to get GST registered in Singapore?
The GST registration process generally takes about 10 working days if all documents are in order. For voluntary GST registrations, approval may take longer as IRAS may ask for additional justification or supporting documents.
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